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Site of Northwestern Society
A patriotic enlightenment group organized in Seoul in 1908 by people from the Northwest, Gwanseo, and Haeseo regions.
Basic Information
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Summary
- A patriotic enlightenment group organized in Seoul in 1908 by people from the Northwest, Gwanseo, and Haeseo regions.
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purpose of establishment
The purpose and purpose of its establishment are based on the awareness of the theory of social evolution of their time. Members of the Northwest Society are now in the era of imperialism, in which only powerful countries or peoples invade weak countries or peoples, or the logic of the law of the jungle is applied. I recognized that I couldn't help it. Based on this basic recognition, the ultimate goal was to achieve a modern civilized state through the restoration of national rights and the enhancement of human rights. It is urgent to gather people's power to foster people's power, and the method is to establish a group and to unite with each other, and the establishment of the Seobuk Association originated here.
Origin and change
The Patriotic Enlightenment Movement took root in the Gwanseo and Gwanbuk provinces in the middle of 1907, and when it achieved certain results, it attempted to spread throughout the nation and across the country. And as the Japanese coercive measures made the movement to restore national sovereignty more difficult, in January 1908, the Seowoo Association and the Hanbuk Heung Association were organized to overcome these restrictions more actively. Members are mainly residents of Pyeongan-do, Hamgyeong-do, and Hwanghae-do. The main executives were Lee Dong-hui, Ahn Chang-ho, Park Eun-sik, Lee Gap, Yoo Dong-yeol, and Choi Jae-hak. An organizational meeting was held at the Seowoo Hall under the guidance of temporary chairman Lee Dong-hwi. At this time, Chung Woon-bok (鄭雲復) was elected as the chairman, Kang Yun-hee (姜玧熙) as the vice chairman, and Kim Dal-ha (金達河) as the general secretary.
In 1909, Oh Sang-gyu (吳相奎) was elected as the president, Jeong Un-bok as the vice-president, and Kim Myeong-joon as the general secretary. The organization was based on the Seowoo Association and the Hanbuk Heung Association. It had a general office in Seoul, and there were 1 chairman, 1 vice-president, 1 secretary and 1 vice-secretary, 30 councilors, 1 inspector, 1 treasurer, and 2 secretaries.
1 editor, 1 editor, and 19 sponsors were assigned to publish the monthly report. When dealing with individual affairs, a member or commissioner was appointed to be in charge. Branches were established in 31 regions and branches were established in 69 regions.
As the suppression of the patriotic enlightenment movement increased, such as the 「Private School Ordinance」 and 「Academic Ordinance」, after February 1909, academic inspection committee members were appointed in 37 regions. Selection, branch and branch activities were supplemented.
Any person from the northwestern region who wanted to restore national sovereignty could become a member, regardless of whether he was a government official or a citizen. The number of members is estimated to have reached about 2,300, and it was a wide range of citizens centered on the new intellectual class and the emerging citizen class.
The anti-Japanese education salvation movement was to enlighten the people of the desperate need for a new education. Seobuk Hyeopseong School focusing on training teachers, water merchant night school for worker education, surveying course, mental learning center, agriculture and forestry training center It was developed through the guidance and support of the teachers of private schools in each region.
Enlightenment lecture activities were widely spread through various meetings of the society, especially sports events. It informed the situation at the time, inspired patriotism, and urged participation in the skill development movement.
From February 1908, he published a school magazine called 『Seobukhakhak Monthly Report』, which continued until January 1910. Develop public consciousness and inspire patriotism by conveying the theory of skill development, group theory, patriotism, educational national salvation theory, unemployment promotion theory, and social custom reform theory based on social evolution theory and civil rights theory through academic journals did
The reason why the national industrial promotion movement was considered important was because the social foundation of Seobuk Society was in the emerging citizen class. Employment education was encouraged, and the promotion of agriculture and forestry was especially emphasized in relation to the economic invasion of Japan. In this way, they tried to spread the patriotic enlightenment movement to a wider area and to the public.
The public actively responded by presenting concrete countermeasures against Japanese imperialist oppression, such as the 「Private School Ordinance」, 「Academic Ordinance」, 「Rules on Collection and Collection of Donations」, 「Local Secret Law」 focused on making it happen. After that, as the Japanese imperialist suppression intensified and the plan to crush the Seobuk Association was attempted, the independence war strategy was adopted in 1909, and the independence army base construction and military school establishment movement were focused abroad.
In Korea, education campaigns such as finding ways to maintain private schools, establishment of agricultural associations and agricultural and forestry training centers, and national industry promotion movements were continuously promoted. This society not only spread the patriotic enlightenment movement widely, but also made it unfold as a genuine national sovereignty recovery movement.
In 1909, when Japanese oppression intensified, he moved his base to Manchuria, etc., built an independence army base, and established a military academy, contributing greatly to transforming the patriotic enlightenment movement into an overseas independence movement. As an organ, there is 『Seobukhakhoewolbo』, which succeeded 『Seowoo(西友)』. It was forcibly disbanded in September 1910.
Significance and Evaluation
In early 1909, the Seobuk Society, like the New People's Association, adopted the independence war strategy as the best strategy and focused on the construction of an independent military base, becoming the cornerstone of the independence movement abroad.
(Source: Encyclopedia of Korean National Culture) -
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